• DSBs can be repaired by two

  2020-02-11

  

  DSBs can be repaired by two major pathways: canonical non-homologous end-joining (c-NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) (Chapman et al., 2012). c-NHEJ comprises two sub-pathways, a resection-independent process and a resection-dependent process, and can rejoin break ends with little or no sequen

• rb 1 br Experiments and Methods br Results

  2020-02-11

  

  Experiments and Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Here, the interactions between two newly-synthesized carbazole derivative—cationic δ,δ′‑diazacarbazoles and DNA were characterized by several spectroscopic means, including UV–Vis and fluorescence, AFM and fluorescence imaging. The

• br Materials and methods br

  2020-02-11

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Tuberculosis is caused by the mycobacterium M. tuberculosis, a pathogen able to survive in the hostile conditions through sophisticated defence mechanisms. In an attempt to clarify some aspects of the M. tuberculosis defence mechanisms, we have inves

• In this review we present compelling evidence

  2020-02-11

  

  In this review, we present compelling evidence in support of DHODH as an essential enzyme for the survival of cancer cells. DHODH, and its relationship to de novo pyrimidine metabolism, will be discussed along with factors that influence its regulation and expression. We will show evidence of DHODH\

• Almost of drugs in the market undergo

  2020-02-11

  

  Almost 75% of drugs in the market undergo deactivation though oxidation, reduction or hydrolysis by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, and then, either directly or by facilitated excretion from the body (Guengerich, 2008). The CYP3A subfamily is of particular interest because of its broad substrate spec

• Determination of relative potency EC by dose response assays

  2020-02-11

  

  Determination of relative potency (EC50) by dose response assays in vitro is subject to the same sources of variability as determination of affinity, since the EC50 and Hill slope of the dose response curve are highly dependent on the binding of ligand to a competing receptor that may be present, an

• Despite many studies having demonstrated the importance of

  2020-02-11

  

  Despite many studies having demonstrated the importance of connexin43 (Cx43), the most abundant connexin in bone cells, for bone development and turnover during the last decade [27], little is currently known about GJIC and Cx43 in primary bone tumors. In this report, we analyzed the specific role o

• These cytokines except for TGF can

  2020-02-10

  

  These cytokines, except for TGF-β can also increase CysLT1R mRNA expression. We further demonstrated that TGF-β and IL-13 were able to increase the proliferation of human BSMC in response to LTD4. BSMC proliferation was CysLT1R-dependent, given that Montelukast ablated this effect. Taken together, o

• Introduction Cytochrome P CYP A is

  2020-02-10

  

  Introduction Cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A is the most important enzyme involved in the metabolism of 30–40% of currently prescribed drugs [1]. The KW 3902 level and activity of CYP3A show large intra- and inter-individual variability, which contributes to unpredictable drug response and toxicity. A mul

• In our preliminary evaluation of this series we were

  2020-02-10

  

  In our preliminary evaluation of this series, we were surprised to discover that 5 03 was found to bind CSF-1R in a classical DFG-in binding mode (a). Dramatic conformational differences in the juxtamembrane domain and activation loops are apparent when this DFG-in structure is compared with prior D

• Using characteristic features of ECM proteins

  2020-02-10

  

  Using characteristic features of ECM proteins and a computational pipeline combining interrogation of protein and gene databases, we previously defined the matrisome as the ensemble of ECM and ECM-associated proteins [[16], [17], [18]]. In mammals, the matrisome represents 4% of the genome, or appro

• br Results and discussion br Conclusions In conclusion

  2020-02-10

  

  Results and discussion Conclusions In conclusion, we have developed rational strategies that allowed us to successfully identify a series of novel analogs structurally related to to modulate the activity of estrogen-related receptors (ERRγ and ERRβ), which are constitutively active. All of th

• Results are expressed as mean s e m Paired

  2020-02-10

  

  Results are expressed as mean±s.e.m. Paired or unpaired Student\'s t test was used for comparisons between 2 groups and one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni\'s post-test for more groups. Statistical significance was assigned if p Results and discussion Variations in [Ca2+]i in cardiomyocytes loade

• Previous studies demonstrated that cPLA translocates

  2020-02-10

  

  Previous studies demonstrated that cPLA2α translocates to the phagosomal membrane during macrophage phagocytosis through mechanisms that, in humans, involve phosphorylation of the enzyme by c-Jun N-terminal kinases and membrane association via the cationic cluster of four lysine residues present at

• The other interesting observation made

  2020-02-10

  

  The other interesting observation made during this study relates to the differences between the discrete IR-induced γH2AX foci and the robust H2AX phosphorylation observed during apoptotic DNA fragmentation. The pattern of H2AX phosphorylation observed during DNA fragmentation possibly reflects the

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