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Since innate immune responses represent the
2024-04-10
Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin
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In clinical studies BA has
2024-04-10
In clinical studies, BA has been reported to promote dose-dependent LDL-C lowering effects of up to 30% as monotherapy, and up to an additional 24% when added in combination with stable statin therapy, or approximately 50% when combined with ezetimibe 109, 110, 111, 112. These effects were accompani
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Functional enhancers are often composed of
2024-04-10
Functional enhancers are often composed of binding motifs of multiple key transcription factors to confer spatial and temporal regulation of genes in a certain context. In the uterus, the difference between the number of genes that have associated PGR occupancy and that of progesterone responsive ge
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Since ARBs strongly reduce inflammation it was hypothesized
2024-04-10
Since ARBs strongly reduce inflammation, it was hypothesized that the protective effects on cognition were the result of reduction of inflammation and amelioration of neurogenic decrease. However, ARB treatment did not normalize increased inflammation and neurogenic loss. For this reason, the protec
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Another class of AMPK regulator is peptidyl prolyl cis trans
2024-04-10
Another class of AMPK regulator is peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1), which binds to a number of proteins and regulates oncogenesis and metabolic diseases (Khanal et al., 2013; Zhou and Lu, 2016). Pin1 has been shown to bind to and inhibit AMPK; therefore, at lea
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In this study we demonstrated
2024-04-09
In this study, we demonstrated that DRR1 protein level in GBM tissues was significantly higher compared to normal gpr55 agonist tissues. This data suggested that DRR1 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of glioma. To investigate whether DRR1 could accurately predict the outcome in patients with
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Notably AR and AR signaling can also occur via mechanisms
2024-04-09
Notably, β2AR and β3AR signaling can also occur via mechanisms independent from G protein [13]. Additionally, the response to GPCR stimulus can be modified by various parameters, including chronic stimulation, cell hypoxia, acidosis, and aging [14], [15], [16]. GRKs have a significant role in the r
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There is a growing literature on ABCA expression in
2024-04-09
There is a growing literature on ABCA2 expression in human biopsies, where it has been described as a potential biomarker of leukemias. In childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ABCA2 and ABCA3 were expressed at high levels, which upon treatment with methotrexate, vinblastine and doxorubicin
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HT receptors are distributed throughout the brain
2024-04-09
5-HT3 receptors are distributed throughout the brain, within the brainstem (e.g., nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema and spinal trigeminal nucleus) and BML-277 (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen and caudate) (Abi-Dargham et al., 1993, Barnes et al., 1989, Bufton et al.,
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Plant material and growth conditions Arabidopsis thaliana ec
2024-04-09
Plant material and growth conditions. Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia was grown on a mixture of soil, vermiculite, and perlite (4:2:1) with a 16h light/8h dark Medetomidine HCl receptor in a temperature-controlled growth room (22°C), unless indicated otherwise. Molecular cloning and plant tra
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In most industrial areas which are in need of
2024-04-09
In most industrial areas which are in need of treatment, there are mixtures of different contaminants at different concentrations in soil, underground water or wastewater. These hazardous wastes include a variety of salts, organic matter, heavy metals, trace elements and radioactive compounds [5].Si
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Brain damage diseases such as cerebral
2024-04-09
Brain damage diseases, such as cerebral ischemia, brain trauma and infection are characterized by the increase in oxygen free radicals. Therefore, deeper understanding of the character and mechanism of free radical damage in the brain is important to ultimately relieve diseases and promote recovery
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The following are the supplementary data
2024-04-09
The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Funding Work in Dr. Rosell's laboratory is partially supported by a grant from La Caixa Foundation, and an Instituto de Salud Carlos III grant (RESPONSE, PIE16/00011). Work in Dr. Cao's laboratory is partially supported by the Maj
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The present study has several limitations First
2024-04-09
The present study has several limitations. First, the results were obtained using RAW264.7 cells, which are derived from BALB/c mice infected with the Abelson leukemia virus (Raschke et al., 1978). However, these cells, which are a commonly used mouse macrophage cell line, show properties similar to
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Introduction Lysophosphatidic acid LPA is a key serum borne
2024-04-09
Introduction Lysophosphatidic 3-Methyladenine (LPA) is a key, serum-borne phospholipid, regulating a number of cellular processes such as proliferation, migration and differentiation through its interaction with G-protein coupled receptors. LPA receptor signaling has been implicated in several dise
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