• During the past decades HT had been

  2021-06-03

  

  During the past decades HT had been widely prescribed with the expectation of both osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease prevention. The results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial, however, indicated that long-term HT use is associated with a small but significant increase of cardiovascu

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgments This work was

  2021-06-03

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No. 81573285 and No. 81602965), the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (Program No. 2018JM7071 and No. 2017JQ8002), and the Fundamental Re

• We further analyzed the transcriptional mechanisms underlyin

  2021-06-03

  

  We further analyzed the transcriptional mechanisms underlying the synergistic action of IL-23 and PGE2 and found that this action is mediated by not only STAT3 but also CREB1 and NF-κB. Involvement of CREB1 is analogous to that in the PGE2-EP2/EP4–mediated Il12rb2 induction during TH1 cell different

• In normal chow fed mice EP deficiency also decreased

  2021-06-03

  

  In normal chow fed mice, EP4 deficiency also decreased the expression of CYP8B1, the downstream target of CYP7A1. Similarly, knockdown of EP4 with small interfering RNA reduced the expression of CYP8B1 in HepG2 cells. Therefore, it was anticipated that there would be an increased expression of CYP8B

• The key difference between the membrane zymography and

  2021-06-03

  

  The key difference between the membrane zymography and classical measurements of enzyme activities in soil slurries is the enzyme-substrate accessibility. Classical enzyme assays maximize access of substrate to all potentially reactive enzyme sites by ensuring sample destruction and detachment follo

• CYP contributes to the metabolism

  2021-06-03

  

  CYP450 contributes to the metabolism of more than 90% of currently available drugs (Shapiro and Shear, 2002). Currently, CYP1A is the most studied xenobiotic-metabolizing isoform in fish and is often used as a biomarker for early effects of pollutants in aquatic organisms (Havelkova et al., 2007). T

• SIRT is a representative member of Sirtuins

  2021-06-03

  

  SIRT1 is a representative member of Sirtuins, which is a family of highly conserved NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases. SIRT1 deacetylates plentiful nonhistone protein substrates [Atgs, Foxo1, Foxo3, PGC-1α, NF-kB, E2F1 and p53] (Conrad et al., 2016; Gu et al., 2016; Tu et al., 2018) to p

• Does a universal mechanism for TLS

  2021-06-03

  

  Does a universal mechanism for TLS exist? Our previous studies using the bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase generated the model provided in Fig. 7 that quantifies the molecular forces influencing key steps in the polymerization pathway during the replication of a non-instructional versus miscoding DNA

• Structural homology modelling Intensive Phyre modelling was

  2021-06-03

  

  Structural homology modelling. Intensive Phyre2 modelling [44] was performed using the primary amino Rucaparib free base sequence of A1S_0222 as input to generate an atomistic 3D-homology model of A1S_0222. The fit to the SAXS data of the homology model as well as the fit to the data of the E. coli

• In this context we initiated a

  2021-06-02

  

  In this context, we initiated a program to develop new antiviral chemotypes towards a host factor implicated in Penciclovir replication: the host (human) dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) [21]. We recently identified this enzyme as the molecular target of 1-aryl-4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydrotriazines, struc

• br Discussion The differences in

  2021-06-02

  

  Discussion The differences in the kinetic properties of L-AmDH and LeuDH presented herein reflect a different kinetic mechanism. When compared to its parent enzyme, L-AmDH displayed a different substrate binding order, lower affinity for the keto substrate, and stronger product inhibition. The tw

• Cytokines are small secreted proteins that mediate and

  2021-06-02

  

  Cytokines are small secreted proteins that mediate and regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. They are produced in response to an immune stimulus. Cytokines regulate the intensity and duration of the immune response by stimulating or inhibiting the activation, proliferation, and/or diff

• Ligand binding RTK activation induces the

  2021-06-02

  

  Ligand binding (RTK activation) induces the endocytic internalization of RTKs, and this has been demonstrated for CSF-1R [15], [16], [17]. Endocytosed RTKs are targeted to the lysosome, which we and others have established to be dependent on ubiquitination via CBL-family and recognition by ESCRT com

• br Results br Discussion GPCRs

  2021-06-02

  

  Results Discussion GPCRs recognize a broad range of molecules with a vast chemical retinoid x receptor through different mechanisms. Our understanding of the recognition of lipid mediators by GPCRs primarily comes from the structural studies of receptors for lysophospholipids and endocannabin

• Mild cognitive impairment MCI is

  2021-06-02

  

  Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical transitional stage between normal aging and Alzheimer disease (AD) [1]. Approximate 15–30% MCI patients convert to AD annually. Although many efforts have been taken to prevent the conversion from MCI to AD [2], [3], there are few biomarkers to predict t

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